Fig. 7
From: Cx43 hemichannels and panx1 channels contribute to ethanol-induced astrocyte dysfunction and damage
Hemichannels and pannexons contribute to ethanol-induced cell death in cultured astrocytes. (A-C) Representative fluorescence micrographs of Eth-D1 (red) uptake and Hoechst 33,342 nuclear staining (blue) by astrocytes under control conditions (A) or treated for 72 h with 100 mM ethanol alone (B) or in combination with 50 µM gap19 (C). (D) Quantitation of cell death (Eth-D1 staining) as a percentage of total cells (Hoechst 33,342) by astrocytes under control conditions (white bars) or treated for 1, 24, 48 or 72 h with 100 mM ethanol (red bars). **p < 0.001, ethanol treatment compared to control conditions (one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post-hoc test). (E) Quantitation of cell death normalized to control conditions (dashed line) by astrocytes treated for 72 h with 100 mM ethanol alone (red bars) or in combination with the following pharmacological agents: 50 µM gap19, 50 µM Tat-L2, 5 µM CBX, 500 µM Prob or 50 µM 10panx1. ***p < 0.0005, ethanol compared to control; #p < 0.05, ##p < 0.001; effect of pharmacological agents compared to ethanol treatment (one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post-hoc test). Data were obtained from at least three independent experiments with three or more repeats each one. Calibration bar = 150 μm